These include: Gestational hypertension high blood pressure during pregnancy. If not controlled during pregnancy, gestational hypertension may lead to a more serious condition called preeclampsia.
Gestational diabetes diabetes that starts during pregnancy. Having overweight or obesity raises the risk for gestational diabetes. Women who have had gestational diabetes also have a higher lifetime risk for obesity and type 2 diabetes. Gestational diabetes can cause low blood sugar in the infant. Unborn babies may also be larger, which could injure the baby or the mother during birth. Increased risk for C-section 3 Talk to your doctor, nurse, or midwife about healthy weight gain during pregnancy to help lower your risk for these health problems.
How does having overweight or obesity during pregnancy affect the baby? Babies born to mothers with overweight or obesity are at higher risk for health problems, including: 3 Neural tube defects, such as spina bifida Heart defects Low blood sugar and larger body size, if the mother has gestational diabetes Obesity, type 2 diabetes, and high cholesterol. How does being underweight during pregnancy affect the baby?
These infants are at risk for health and development problems as they get older. Did we answer your question about weight, fertility, and pregnancy? For more information about weight, fertility, and pregnancy, call the OWH Helpline at or check out the following resources from other organizations: Managing your weight gain during pregnancy — Information from the National Library of Medicine.
Sources Zain, M. Impact of obesity on female fertility and fertility treatment. If you are planning to get pregnant, starting a healthy eating and exercise plan now improves your chances of getting pregnant and having a healthy baby. Studies have found that obesity reduces the rate of pregnancy and live births in women using ART, and increases the rate of miscarriage. But weight loss through diet, lifestyle and other changes significantly improves these outcomes.
Ask your doctor about any dietary supplements you may need, such as folic acid and iodine. Begin making these changes before you start trying to conceive, and keep them up throughout your pregnancy and beyond. Being underweight BMI under Compared to women in the healthy weight range, women who are underweight are more likely to take more than a year to get pregnant.
If you are underweight and trying to conceive, a dietitian can work with you to change your diet and help you put on weight. This page has been produced in consultation with and approved by:. Some abortion services in Victoria offer reduced fees to students, healthcare card holders and those experiencing financial difficulty. In Victoria, you can have two types of abortion: surgical and medication. Both types are safe and reliable. You can have a medication abortion up to nine weeks of pregnancy.
You can have a surgical abortion from around six weeks of pregnancy onwards. Mifepristone, also called RU or the 'abortion pill', is used to terminate end a pregnancy up to nine weeks. Abortion is one of the most common and safest types of surgery in Australia. Content on this website is provided for information purposes only. Information about a therapy, service, product or treatment does not in any way endorse or support such therapy, service, product or treatment and is not intended to replace advice from your doctor or other registered health professional.
The information and materials contained on this website are not intended to constitute a comprehensive guide concerning all aspects of the therapy, product or treatment described on the website. All users are urged to always seek advice from a registered health care professional for diagnosis and answers to their medical questions and to ascertain whether the particular therapy, service, product or treatment described on the website is suitable in their circumstances. Research is finding that male fertility may also suffer when a man is overweight.
However, a direct connection is less clear, and some studies contradict the findings of others. One study found that men who were overweight were more likely to have lower sperm counts and poorer sperm motility. Men who were overweight were almost twice as likely to have low sperm counts 9. Another study of men that looked at BMI and waist circumference found that ejaculate volume and sperm counts declined as BMI and waist circumference went up. While statistically significant connections were found, the authors noted that more research is needed.
Meanwhile, a large study of just over 1, men found that abnormally low and high BMI was associated with poor semen health. However, other studies have not found a connection between male weight and sperm counts. A normal body mass index BMI is considered to be between Anything over 25 is considered to be overweight, and a BMI over 30 is defined as obese. So women with regular cycles and no other obvious fertility problems still had a hard time getting pregnant if they were overweight.
Body-mass index is not always the best measure of overall health. For example, an athlete may have a very high BMI, one that indicates being overweight.
This is because muscle weighs more than fat. Or, someone might have a normal BMI, but too little fat on their body. This can cause fertility problems. Or, your weight and BMI may be in the normal range, but you may carry more fat and less muscle than is healthy.
They can do a full evaluation. This will give you much more information than BMI numbers alone. Sometimes, a hormonal imbalance leads to a weight problem. If the hormonal problem is ignored, not only may losing weight be difficult to impossible, but there may be other factors preventing you from getting pregnant.
For example, PCOS polycystic ovarian syndrome is one of the more common causes of infertility. It has been connected to trouble with gaining and subsequently losing weight. This, in turn, may help you conceive. Women with PCOS who have been treated with metformin , an insulin resistance medication used off-label, may have an easier time losing weight. Some research indicates metformin may also help women with PCOS ovulate and lower their risk of miscarriage.
Thyroid disorders are also known to cause problems with both weight and fertility. Be sure your basic hormone levels are checked, and that your doctor at least tests you for insulin resistance, PCOS, and thyroid imbalances. In men, low testosterone, excess estrogen, and thyroid imbalances can lead to fertility problems and unexplained weight gain.
It may be more complicated than that. If you have not been trying to conceive for a year, but know your weight is too high or too low, you should also see your doctor. Your doctor can do a complete physical and help advise you on the best way to lose weight, if that is necessary.
I recommend taking a high-quality prenatal supplement, like this one or this one , at least six months before trying to conceive. A good prenatal will contain nutrients from real food sources and be rich in folate not synthetic folic acid. These suggestions will be beneficial for most people.
But always check with your doctor or personal healthcare provider before adding any supplements to your routine. Physical activity, in general, is beneficial for improving fertility and while pregnant. But, there are some cases where too much activity at too high of an intensity can impact reproductive health.
Consistently overtraining and undereating often results in decreased fertility. But if your training leaves you feeling worn down, sore or one of these other nine signs , reducing frequency and intensity is a good idea. Exercise is a stressor on our bodies.
Not just physically, but mentally as well. You should feel energized, not exhausted. And when it comes to getting pregnant, less stress is always going to be better. And that might mean modifying your training schedule to improve your hormonal health. With the lifestyles many of us live today, stress is the norm more often than not. The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal HPA axis, when activated by stress, inhibits the function of our reproductive system.
Corticotropin-releasing hormone CRH inhibits hypothalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone GnRH secretion, and glucocorticoids inhibit pituitary luteinizing hormone and ovarian estrogen and progesterone secretion. Stress has been shown to reduce estrogen and cause menstrual cycle irregularity. Women who worked more than 32 hours a week took longer to conceive than women who worked less than that.
And taking measures to decrease stress levels improved their ability to conceive. They simply point to the fact that excess stress greatly influences our fertility.
The good news? There is a lot we can do to overcome the state of constant stress most of us live in these days. Implementing relaxation and meditation practices can be helpful. Journaling before you leave for work and again before bed can help calm your mind. And shifting your mindset to change your perception of stress — to not let little things like traffic or a work deadline stress you out — can be beneficial for fertility.
Is working out every day after work introducing more stress into your life? Are you committing to too many activities that leave you little time for yourself?
Is the way you view your self-image draining life from you and causing unnecessary mental stress? Getting pregnant is much easier when you know that your hormones are working on a consistent cycle each month.
Our sex hormones estrogen and progesterone control our menstrual cycles. And if either of them is out of balance at any time during the month, it can affect our menstrual regularity and our fertility. If you think a hormonal imbalance could be behind your difficulty getting pregnant, or if you just want to make sure everything is working optimally, there are a few ways you can evaluate your hormonal health. Cycle tracking methods, like the Fertility Awareness Method FAM , are helpful at showing you how your hormones are functioning.
FAM uses fluctuations in basal body temperature and cervical mucus to help you better predict when you ovulate and the length of each phase in your cycle.
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